FREE ESSAY ON MALCOLM X

MALCOLM X

Racism is a problem that the American people have grappled with since colonial times. The
1960's saw the rise of Martin
Luther King, Jr and Malcolm X, who not only influenced the civil rights movement but
attempted to solve the problem of racism
in this country. On February 16, 1965, Malcolm X gave a speech called Not Just An
American Problem, but a World
Problem. In his speech he provides a theory on the relationship between media and racism
called image making which still
has validity today. On first reading, Malcolm's tone is angry and his theory on image
making sounds absurd. He states: 
They (racists) use the press to get public opinion on their side. . . this is a science
called image making. they hold you in check
through this science of imagery. They even make you look down upon yourself, by giving
you a bad image of yourself. Some of
our own Black people who have eaten this image themselves and digested it -- until they
themselves don't want to live in the
Black community. 
Yet, current television programming seems to favor this idea. Local news programs
continue to show colored communities as
dangerous and gang-infested. They continually rely on the reports of these areas for the
bulk of their news and overlook the
positive images that residents of these areas try to create. For example, KNTV news
continually reports on the thefts and
shootings in East San Jose but does not make an effort to show how residents are dealing
with these situations. The day a local
East San Jose church helped sway the city council to put a streetlight on a very busy
intersection, the news pre-empted the
report with an accident on another East San Jose intersection. As a result, most people
in these communities do not realize that
they have power to change their area and have a great desire to move out of these areas.
They have become prisoners who
have bought into the image of East San Jose. Yet, local news programs are not the only
ones to blame for image making;
documentaries have played a part in the negative images of blacks. Malcolm X makes the
claim that the negative image of
communities in America are just a small part of the image making process. The documentary
film has done the same for their
African homeland. He states: They (the press) projected Africa in a negative image, a
hateful image. They made us think that
Africa was a land of jungles, a land of animals, a land of cannibals and savages. It was
a hateful image. 
Current documentaries of Africa are still about their jungles and their tribes. Although
they do not have a racist tone, the idea
that African people are still uncivilized continues. The result is: Black people here in
America who hated everything about us
that was African. . . it was you who taught us to hate ourselves simply by shrewdly
maneuvering us into hating the land of our
forefathers and the people on that continent. 
These films do have an influence on today's society. From watching today's black TV, the
actors on these shows make fun
of these images. Recently, Martin Lawrence made fun of one of his friends; calling him a
spear-thrower on his hit TV show.
The larger problem that Malcolm X did not discuss in his speech is the result of the
image making. The effectiveness of
today's media on young minds is great. Only several years have passed since the
introduction of a Black Barbie doll. The great
action heroes are not colored but are white; only their sidekicks are colored, e.g., Lone
Ranger and Tonto. Consequently, the
serious Black actor is a precious commodity. It is the Black comedian who is more
accepted in today's society because they
are able to laugh about the negative black images. The white man, as Malcolm X might
agree, would favor the comedian over
the serious actor because white men do not want to be reminded about their crime. The
comedian often supports the negative
black images that the media has created: large lips, large buttocks, the criminal and the
slave. Eddie Murphy is famous for his
Mister Robinson character on Saturday Night Live. Robinson is a spoof on Mister Rogers;
however, Robinson is a criminal.
The image of the black man as a thief continues. Television is not all to blame. The
media has made many efforts to create a
more positive image of Black America. There is a cable station, BET, targeted at black
programming. The commercials shown
on the station feature black actors rather than the white actors on the large network
stations. Black TV has been introduced
to mainstream TV. Most programs are outrageous, such as Homeboys in Outer Space, which
shows how the media favors the
black comedian. However, the introduction into network TV provides an open door for more
quality programming and more
positive images in the future. Malcolm X concludes his speech by stating, ... make the
world see that our problem was no
longer a Negro problem or an American problem but a human problem. A problem for
humanity. And a problem which should
be attacked by all elements of humanity. 
America has come a long way from its days of slavery and segregation. Malcolm was right.
Americans must attack this problem
as a hate issue and not a race issue. But we must stop blaming each other for this
problem. We live in a media dominant world.
The owners of today's media conglomerates are white males, who influence what is being
shown on their networks, magazines,
films, etc. It is time that America takes control of what influences their society and
take responsiblity for creating more positive
images of humanity. 
Endnotes 
Not Just An American Problem, But A World Problem, Humanities 2B Reader, Spring 1996, p