FREE ESSAY ON DOVER BEACH

DOVER BEACH

How can life or anything be so wonderful, but at times seem 
so unbearable? This is a question that Matthew Arnold may 
have asked himself one day, while writing Dover Beach. 
This is a poem about a sea and a beach that is truly beautiful, 
but hold much deeper meaning than what meets the eye. The 
poem is written in free verse with no particular meter or 
rhyme scheme, although some of the words do rhyme. 
Arnold is the speaker speaking to someone he loves. As the 
poem progresses, the reader sees why Arnold poses the 
question stated above, and why life seems to be the way it 
is. During the first part of the poem Arnold states, The Sea 
is calm tonight and in line 7, Only, from the long line of 
spray. In this way, Arnold is setting the mood or scene so 
the reader can understand the point he is trying to portray. In 
lines 1-6 he is talking about a very peaceful night on the ever 
so calm sea, with the moonlight shining so intensely on the 
land. Then he states how the moonlight gleams and is gone 
because the cliffs of England are standing at their highest 
peaks, which are blocking the light of the moon. Next, the 
waves come roaring into the picture, as they draw back and 
fling the pebbles onto the shore and back out to sea again. 
Arnold also mentions that the shore brings the eternal note 
of sadness in, maybe representing the cycles of life and 
repetition. Arnold then starts describing the history of 
Sophocle's idea of the Aegean's turbid ebb and flow. The 
sea is starting to become rougher and all agitated. Also the 
mention of human misery implies that life begins and ends, 
but it can still be full of happiness, and unfortunately, at the 
same time, sadness. The Sea of Faith was once, too, at the 
full, and round earth's shore. The key word in that stanza is 
once, because it implies that he (Arnold) used to look at the 
sea in a different way than he does now. Throughout the 
whole poem, Arnold uses a metaphor to describe his views 
and opinions. Now he only hears its melancholy, long, 
withdrawing roar. It seems as though Arnold is questioning 
his own faith. The whole poem is based on a metaphor - Sea 
to Faith. When the sea retreats, so does faith, and leaves us 
with nothing. In the last nine lines, Arnold wants his love and 
himself to be true to one another. The land, which he thought 
was so beautiful and new, is actually nothing - neither joy, 
nor love, nor light. In reality, Arnold is expressing that 
nothing is certain, because where there is light there is dark 
and where there is happiness there is sadness. We are here 
though as on a darkling plain, swept with confused alarms of 
struggle and flight, where ignorant armies clash at night. 
Arnold uses much alliteration in the poem. For example, in 
line 31, To lie before us like a land of dreams, repeating 
the letter L at the beginning of three words. Also, in line 4, 
Gleams and is gone..., repeating the letter G. The usage of 
assonance and consonance is not widespread in Dover 
Beach. In line 3 - ...on the French coast the light - the 
repetition of the letter T is shown, as an example of 
consonance. Other literary techniques, such as 
onomatopoeia and hyperbole, are not used in the poem, 
besides the metaphor for Faith being the Sea. The diction 
Arnold uses creates a sense of peacefulness and calmness. It 
is fairly easily understood vocabulary, with the exception of a 
few words, such as cadence and darkling. From reading 
Matthew Arnold's Dover Beach, one realizes that there is 
no certainty in life. When everything is going perfectly, 
something unfortunate may happen at any given time, with no 
forewarning.